Reduced-order models

Calibrating rather than simplifying

A one-dimensional model of a vessel is fast but wrong wherever the geometry departs from a smooth tube — which is exactly where the clinically interesting features are. Instead of accepting that error, we calibrate the pressure–flow relationship of the one-dimensional model against a minimal number of three-dimensional runs for each geometry.

The calibrated model keeps the geometry-dependent behaviour of the full simulation and reproduces pressure and flow waveforms in both idealised and patient-specific vessels, at a small fraction of the cost. The number of full runs required is small enough that the calibration itself is not the bottleneck.